Linux 시스템에 연결된 모든 저장 장치 찾기

Linux 시스템에 연결된 모든 저장 장치 찾기

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마운트 여부에 관계없이 주어진 머신에 연결된 쓰기 가능한 저장 장치를 모두 찾아야합니다 .

이를 수행하는 멋진 방법 은 쓰기 가능한 장치 에 해당하는 모든 항목 을 시도/dev 하는 것입니다 ( hd* and sd*) ......

더 나은 솔루션이 있습니까, 아니면이 솔루션을 고수해야합니까?

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/proc/partitions시스템이 인식하는 모든 블록 장치와 파티션을 나열합니다. 그런 다음을 사용 file -s <device>하여 파티션에 어떤 종류의 파일 시스템이 있는지 확인할 수 있습니다 .

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fdisk -lEC2 xvda 장치와 같은 이상한 설정에서도 항상 잘 작동하는 것처럼 보이는 작업을 수행 할 수 있습니다 .

다음은 m1.large 인스턴스에 대한 덤프입니다.

root@ip-10-126-247-82:~# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda1: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders, total 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/xvda1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/xvda2: 365.0 GB, 365041287168 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 44380 cylinders, total 712971264 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/xvda2 doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/xvda3: 939 MB, 939524096 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 114 cylinders, total 1835008 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/xvda3 doesn't contain a valid partition table

동안 mount말한다 :

root@ip-10-126-247-82:~# mount
/dev/xvda1 on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/xvda2 on /mnt type ext3 (rw)

그리고 /proc/partitions말한다 :

root@ip-10-126-247-82:~# cat /proc/partitions
major minor  #blocks  name

 202        1   10485760 xvda1
 202        2  356485632 xvda2
 202        3     917504 xvda3

Side Note

How fdisk -l works is something I would love to know myself.

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you can also try lsblk ... is in util-linux ... but i have a question too

fdisk -l /dev/sdl

no result

grep sdl /proc/partitions      
   8      176   15632384 sdl
   8      177   15628288 sdl1

lsblk | grep sdl
sdl       8:176  1  14.9G  0 disk  
`-sdl1    8:177  1  14.9G  0 part  

fdisk is good but not that good ... seems like it cannot "see" everything

in my particular example i have a stick that have also a card reader build in it and i can see only the stick using fdisk:

fdisk -l /dev/sdk

Disk /dev/sdk: 15.9 GB, 15931539456 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1936 cylinders, total 31116288 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xbe24be24

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdk1   *        8192    31116287    15554048    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)

but not the card (card being /dev/sdl)

also, file -s is inefficient ...

file -s /dev/sdl1
/dev/sdl1: sticky x86 boot sector, code offset 0x52, OEM-ID "NTFS    ", sectors/cluster 8, reserved sectors 0, Media descriptor 0xf8, heads 255, hidden sectors 8192, dos < 4.0 BootSector (0x0)

that's nice ... BUT

fdisk -l /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb1            2048   156301487    78149720   fd  Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2       156301488   160086527     1892520   82  Linux swap / Solaris

file -s /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: sticky \0

to see information about a disk that cannot be accesed by fdisk, you can use parted:

parted /dev/sdl print

Model: Mass Storage Device (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdl: 16.0GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      4194kB  16.0GB  16.0GB  primary  ntfs




arted /dev/sdb print 
Model: ATA Maxtor 6Y080P0 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 82.0GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags
 1      1049kB  80.0GB  80.0GB  primary                  raid
 2      80.0GB  82.0GB  1938MB  primary  linux-swap(v1)

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ls /sys/block

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Using HAL (kernel 2.6.17 and up):

#! /bin/bash
hal-find-by-property --key volume.fsusage --string filesystem |
while read udi ; do
    # ignore optical discs
    if [[ "$(hal-get-property --udi $udi --key volume.is_disc)" == "false" ]]; then
        dev=$(hal-get-property --udi $udi --key block.device)   
        fs=$(hal-get-property --udi $udi --key volume.fstype) 
        echo $dev": "$fs
    fi 
done

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Modern linux systems will normally only have entries in /dev for devices that exist, so going through hda* and sda* as you suggest would work fairly well.

Otherwise, there may be something in /proc you can use. From a quick look in there, I'd have said /proc/partitions looks like it could do what you need.

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libsysfs does look potentially useful, but not directly from a shell script. There's a program that comes with it called systool which will do what you want, though it may be easier to just look in /sys directly rather than using another program to do it for you.

참고URL : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/200960/find-all-storage-devices-attached-to-a-linux-machine